The database model that organizes data in a hierarchical structure is known as the hierarchical database model. In this model, data is organized into a tree-like structure, with parent-child relationships between records. Each parent can have multiple children, but each child has only one parent, creating a one-to-many relationship. This structure makes it efficient for certain types of queries and hierarchical data representation, like organizational charts. However, hierarchical databases can be less flexible than other models, such as relational databases, especially concerning complex relationships between data sets.