The programming paradigm that emphasizes the use of functions and procedures is known as functional programming. This paradigm treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing state or mutable data. It encourages writing pure functions, which yield the same output for the same input, enhancing predictability and reliability. Furthermore, functional programming languages, such as Haskell and Scala, often provide features like first-class functions and higher-order functions, facilitating concise and expressive code development.